LAY TITLE: Investigation of biomarkers, microscopic findings and clinical conditions to predict success of treatment of endometrial hyperplasia with Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS)

Abnormal uterine bleeding causes considerable social and physical problems and is related to stress and anxiety because there is an underlying worry of the possibility of gynaecological cancer. An abnormal proliferation of endometrial tissue (lining of the inside of the uterus) or endometrial hyperplasia is a significant cause of abnormal uterine bleeding.

Currently, the mainstay of treatment is hysterectomy, particularly in those patients at high risk of progression to cancer. More recently the use of intrauterine devices releasing levonorgestrel (LNG-IUS), which is a synthetic progestogen which opposes the effects of oestrogen, has managed to treat a high percentage of these conditions. The decision is based on the severity of the hyperplasia assessed by the histopathologist following an endometrial biopsy. The purpose of this study is to explore, evaluate and assess key clinical, tissue and protein characteristics and identify important new biomarkers that could help gynaecologists recognise which patients with endometrial hyperplasia will benefit most from the use of an LNG-IUS to those who are less likely to respond to this treatment.

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